Ototoxicity may be associated with protease inhibitor therapy.

ciency. Pregnant women who have iron deficiency are at higher risk for preterm birth, a low-birth-weight infant, and maternal death, which are factors that must be considered in balancing the potential risks and benefits of iron supplementation during HIV infection [3]. In developed countries, the epidemiology of anemia, nutritional status, and oxidative stress has changed with the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy [4, 5], and further evaluation is needed to characterize the relationship between iron status and HIV disease severity in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy [3]. Clinical trials are currently in progress to determine directly the risks and benefits of iron supplementation for adults with iron deficiency anemia and HIV infection.